The next achievement I popped ("Research with Automation") did also NOT trigger the problem a second time.

I can confirm that the issue did not reoccur after I loaded the latest autosave, rebuilt and started my steam power plant again.

I am running under linux and had a similar (the same?) issue. The steam power achievement popped and the game froze completely. Sound was still working but I could not interact anymore and the last rendered frame was frozen into place. I had to forcefully stop the game via the Steam "Stop"...