Thanks for the input guys, I'll try to run some more tests and contact Dell again. It's a new XPS 9560 and I've heard quality can be a bit spotty on certain units, so what you say makes sense.

I should have known Factorio was not to blame

So I ran the memory test and spent 2 hours with Dell support running other diagnostics (all passed) and updating drivers. I tried running Factorio 4 times in the last 10 minutes and got:
1. A clean crash asking me to post log online
2. A BSoD with IRQ not less or equal (IIRC)
3. A black screen and ...

I get a random crash after a few minutes when I load this save file. It's happened a few times now and I have to restart my computer. It happened after the research window popped up after completing a research, but also just as I was running around the map. I had black screens with shrieking audio a ...